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『标　　题』中华人民共和国律师暂行条例(附英文)
『发布单位』全国人大常委会

　
　
　　　　（一九八０年八月二十六日第五届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十五次会议通议）
　
　　　　　目　录

　　第一章　律师的任务和权利
　　第二章　律师资格
　　第三章　律师的工作机构
　　第四章　附则
　
　　　　　第一章　律师的任务和权利
　　第一条　律师是国家的法律工作者，其任务是对国家机关、企业事业单位、社会团体、人民公社和公民提供法律帮助，以维护法律的正确实施，维护国家、集体的利益和公民的合法权益。
　　第二条　律师的主要业务如下：
　　（一）接受国家机关、企业事业单位、社会团体、人民公社的聘请，担任法律顾问。
　　（二）接受民事案件当事人的委托，担任代理人参加诉讼。
　　（三）接受刑事案件被告人的委托或者人民法院的指定，担任辩护人；接受自诉案件自诉人、公诉案件被害人及其近亲属的委托，担任代理人，参加诉讼。
　　（四）接受非诉讼事件当事人的委托，提供法律帮助，或者担任代理人，参加调解、仲裁活动。
　　（五）解答关于法律的询问，代写诉讼文书和其它有关法律事务的文书。
　　律师应当通过全部业务活动，宣传社会主义法制。
　　第三条　律师进行业务活动，必须以事实为根据，以法律为准绳，忠实于社会主义事业和人民的利益。
　　律师依法执行职务，受国家法律保护，任何单位、个人不得干涉。
　　第四条　律师担任法律顾问的责任，是为聘请单位就业务上的法律问题提供意见，草拟、审查法律事务文书，代理参加诉讼、调解或者仲裁活动，维护聘请单位的合法权益。
　　第五条　律师担任诉讼和非诉讼事件代理人的责任，是在所受委托的权限内，维护委托人的合法权益。
　　律师在代理权限内的诉讼行为和法律行为，与委托人自己的诉讼行为和法律行为有同等效力。
　　第六条　律师担任刑事辩护人的责任，是根据事实和法律，维护被告人的合法权益。
　　律师认为被告人没有如实陈述案情，有权拒绝担任辩护人。
　　第七条　律师参加诉讼活动，有权依照有关规定，查阅本案材料，向有关单位、个人调查。律师担任刑事辩护人时，可以同在押的被告人会见和通信。
　　律师进行前款所列活动，有关单位、个人有责任给予支持。
　　律师对于在业务活动中接触的国家机密和个人阴私，有保守秘密的责任。
　
　　　　　第二章　律师资格
　　第八条　热爱中华人民共和国，拥护社会主义制度，有选举权和被选举权的下列公民，经考核合格，可以取得律师资格，担任律师：
　　（一）在高等院校法律专业毕业，并且做过两年以上司法工作、法律教学工作或者法学研究工作的；
　　（二）受过法律专业训练，并且担任过人民法院审判、人民检察院检察员的；
　　（三）受过高等教育，做过三年以上经济、科技等工作，熟悉本专业以及与本专业有关的法律、法令，并且经过法律专业训练，适合从事律师工作的；
　　（四）其他具有本条第（一）项或第（二）项所列人员的法律业务水平，并具有高等学校文化水平，适合从事律师工作的。
　　第九条　取得律师资格，须经省、自治区、直辖市司法厅（局）考核批准，发给律师证书，并报中华人民共和国司法部备案。司法部发现审批不当的，应当通知司法厅（局）重新审查。
　　第十条　取得律师资格的人员不能脱离本职的，可以担任兼职律师。兼职律师所在单位应当给予支持。
　　人民法院、人民检察院、人民公安机关的现职人员不得兼做律师工作。
　　第十一条　高等院校法律专业毕业生或者经过法律专业训练的人员，经省、自治区、直辖市司法厅（局）考核批准，可以担任实习律师。
　　实习律师的实习期为两年。实习期满，依照本条例第九条规定的程序，授予律师资格；考核不合格的，可以延长其实习期。
　　第十二条　律师严重不称职的，得经省、自治区、直辖市司法厅（局）决定，报司法部批准，取消其律师资格。
　
　　　　　第三章　律师的工作机构
　　第十三条　律师执行职务的工作机构是法律顾问处。
　　法律顾问处是事业单位。受国家司法行政机关的组织领导和业务监督。
　　第十四条　法律顾问处按县、市、市辖区设立。必要时，经司法部批准，可以设立专业性的法律顾问处。
　　法律顾问处之间没有隶属关系。
　　第十五条　法律顾问处的主要任务，是领导律师开展业务工作，组织律师学习政治和法律业务知识，总结、交流律师的工作经验。
　　第十六条　法律顾问处设主任一人，根据需要，可以设副主任。主任、副主任均由本处律师选举产生，报经省、自治区、直辖市司法厅（局）批准，任期为三年，连选得连任。
　　法律顾问处主任、副主任领导法律顾问处的工作，并且必须执行律师职务。
　　第十七条　律师承办业务，由法律顾问处统一接受委托，并且统一收费。
　　法律顾问处给律师分配任务，应当根据实际条件尽量满足委托人的指名要求。
　　第十八条　法律顾问处可以指派律师到外地进行业务活动，当地法律顾问处应当给予帮助。
　　第十九条　为维护律师的合法权益，交流工作经验，促进律师工作的开展，增进国内外法律工作者的联系，建立律师协会。
　　律师协会是社会团体。组织章程由律师协会制订。
　
　　　　　第四章　附　则
　　第二十条　律师职称标准、律师奖惩规定和律师收费办法，由司法部另行制订。
　　第二十一条　本条例自一九八二年一月一日起施行。
　
　
　　　　　Important Notice: (注意事项)

　　英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民
共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
　　当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This　English　document　is　coming　from　"LAWS　AND　REGULATIONS　OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF　CHINA　GOVERNING　FOREIGN-RELATED　MATTERS" (1991.7)
which　is　compiled　by　the　Brueau　of　Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of　the　People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
　
　　　　　Whole Document (法规全文)

INTERIM REGULATIONS OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON LAWYERS
(Adopted at the 15th Meeting of　the　Standing　Committee　of　the
Fifth National People's Congress and promulgated by Order　No.　5　of　the
Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on August　26,　1980,
and effective as of January 1, 1982)
　
　　　　　Contents

Chapter I　　 The Task and Rights of Lawyers
Chapter II　　The Qualifications of Lawyers
Chapter III　 Business Organizations of Lawyers
Chapter IV　　Supplementary Provisions
　
　　　　　Chapter I The Task and Rights of Lawyers

Article 1
Lawyers are state legal workers whose task is to give legal assistance　to
state organs, enterprises and institutions, public organizations, people's
communes and citizens in order to ensure the correct implementation of the
law and protect the interests of the state and collectives as well as　the
lawful rights and interests of citizens.
Article 2
The principal duties of lawyers shall be:
(1) to accept the mandate of state organs, enterprises　and　institutions,
public organizations　and　people's　communes　to　serve　as　their　legal
advisers;
(2) to accept the mandate of a party to a civil action　to　serve　as　his
representative in litigation;
(3) to accept the mandate of a defendant or the assignment of　a　people's
court to serve as his defender in a criminal case; to accept　the　mandate
of a private prosecutor or of the victim　and　his　near　relatives　in　a
public prosecution to serve as their representative in litigation;
(4) to accept the mandate of a party in　a　nonlitigious　matter　to　give
legal　assistance　or　serve　as　its　representative　in　 mediation　 or
arbitration;
(5) to give consultative advice on legal questions and draft documents　in
connection with litigation or other legal matters.
Lawyers shall publicize the　socialist　legal　system　through　all　their
professional activities.
Article 3
In performing their duties, lawyers shall serve the cause of socialism and
the interests of the people, act on the basis of facts and take the law as
the criterion.　In the performance of their functions　according　to　law,
lawyers shall be protected　by　the　law　of　the　state,　subject　to　no
interference by any organization or individual.
Article 4
When being retained by an organization as　its　legal　adviser,　a　lawyer
shall have the responsibility to give advice on　legal　questions　arising
from the client organization, draft and examine legal　documents　for　it,
represent it in litigation, mediation or arbitration,　and　safeguard　its
lawful rights and interests.
Article 5
When acting as representatives in　litigation　and　nonlitigious　matters,
lawyers shall have the responsibility to safeguard the lawful　rights　and
interests of the client within the scope of the mandate.
Within the scope of the mandate, the lawyer's procedural　and　legal　acts
shall have the same effect as those of the client.

Article 6
When acting as　defenders　in　criminal　cases,　lawyers　shall　have　the
responsibility to　safeguard　the　lawful　rights　and　interests　of　the
defendants on the basis of facts and the law. A lawyer may refuse　to　act
as the defender of a defendant if he believes that the defendant　has　not
truthfully stated the facts of the case to him.
Article 7
In legal proceedings,　lawyers　shall　have　the　right,　to　consult　the
materials of the case　and　may　make　enquiries　from　organizations　and
persons concerned in accordance with relevant regulations. When acting　as
defenders in criminal cases, lawyers may　meet　and　correspond　with　the
defendants held in custody.
The organizations and persons concerned shall　have　the　duty　to　render
assistance to the lawyers engaged　in　the　activities　mentioned　in　the
preceding paragraph.　 Lawyers　shall　have　the　responsibility　to　keep
confidential state secrets and matters of personal privacy which they come
into contact with in their work.
　
　　　　　Chapter II The Qualifications of Lawyers

Article 8
The undermentioned citizens who cherish the People's　Republic　of　China,
support the socialist system and have the right　to　vote　and　stand　for
election shall be eligible as lawyers after passing an examination:
(1) those who　have　graduated　from　law　faculties　of　universities　or
colleges and have been engaged for two or more　years　in　judicial　work,
legal instruction or jurisprudential studies;
(2) those who have had professional legal　training　and　have　worked　as
judges in people's court or as procurators in people's procuratorates;
(3) those who have received college education,　have　completed　three　or
more years of economic, scientific and technological work, are　proficient
in their professions and the relevant laws and decrees thereof,　and　have
gone through professional legal training and who are fit for the work of a
lawyer; and
(4) those who have attained the same level of knowledge of practical legal
work as is required of persons prescribed in Items (1) and (2)　above　and
the same level of learning as is given by college education　and　who　are
fit for the work of a lawyer.
Article 9
To be eligible as a lawyer, a person must be examined and approved by　the
judicial　department　(bureau)　of　a　province,　autonomous　region,　 or
municipality directly under the Central Government and issued　a　lawyer's
certificate, and a report shall be made to the Ministry of Justice of　the
People's Republic of China for the record. Upon discovery of　an　improper
examination and approval, the　Ministry　of　Justice　shall　instruct　the
relevant judicial department (bureau) to conduct a reexamination.
Article 10
Those who are eligible as lawyers but are unable to　leave　their　present
positions to practise law　may　act　as　part-time　lawyers.　The　current
organizations in which they are working shall support such arrangements.
Personnel　presently　 attached　 to　 the　 people's　 courts,　 people's
procuratorates and people's public security organs may not　act　as　part-
time lawyers.
Article 11
Those who have graduated from law faculties of universities or colleges or
have gone through　professional　legal　training　may　act　as　apprentice
lawyers　after　examination　and　approval　by　the　judicial　departments
(bureaus) of provinces, autonomous　regions,　or　municipalities　directly
under the Central Government.
The training period for　apprentice　lawyers　shall　be　two　years.　Upon
completion of the training　period,　apprentice　lawyers　shall　be　given
lawyers credentials in accordance with the procedure prescribed in Article
9 of these　Regulations;　the　training　period　may　be　extended　if　an
apprentice lawyer fails to pass the examination.
Article 12
Lawyers who are incompetent shall be disqualified as lawyers　by　decision
of the judicial departments (bureaus) of provinces, autonomous regions, or
municipalities directly under the Central Government and with the approval
of the Ministry of Justice.
　
　　　　　Chapter III Business Organizations of Lawyers

Article 13
Legal advisory offices shall be　the　business　organizations　from　which
lawyers perform their duties.
Legal　advisory　offices　shall　 be　 public　 institutions　 under　 the
organizational leadership and professional　supervision　of　the　judicial
administrative organs of the state.
Article 14
Legal advisory offices　shall　be　established　in　counties,　cities　and
municipal districts.　When necessary, specialized legal　advisory　offices
may be established with the approval of the Ministry of Justice.
Legal advisory offices shall not be subordinate to one another.
Article 15
The principal functions of a legal advisory　office　shall　be　to　direct
lawyers in the development of their professional work, to　organize　their
political studies and professional studies　in　law　and　to　sum　up　and
exchange their work experience.
Article 16
A legal advisory office shall　have　one　director　and　may　have　deputy
directors where necessary. The director　and　deputy　directors　shall　be
elected by the lawyers in that office, subject to approval by the judicial
department (bureau) of a　province,　autonomous　region,　or　municipality
directly under the Central Government. They shall be elected for a term of
three years and may be re-elected to　successive　terms　in　office.　 The
director and deputy director(s) of a legal advisory　office　shall　direct
the work of the office and at　the　same　time　perform　their　duties　as
lawyers.
Article 17
The mandates for lawyers to handle cases shall　be　accepted　and　service
fees collected exclusively by the legal advisory office.
In the distribution of cases to lawyers, the legal advisory office　shall,
as best as possible and according to actual conditions, assign lawyers　as
requested by clients.
Article 18
A legal advisory office may appoint　lawyers　to　carry　out　professional
activities in other localities, and the legal advisory office there　shall
provide them with assistance.
Article 19
A lawyers association shall be established to protect　the　lawful　rights
and interests of lawyers, to exchange　work　experience,　to　further　the
progress of lawyers work and to promote　contacts　between　legal　workers
both at home and abroad.
The lawyers association is a social organization. It shall　formulate　its
own articles of association.
　
　　　　　Chapter IV Supplementary Provisions

Article 20
The standards for the title of　lawyer,　the　regulations　on　awards　and
penalties for lawyers and the measures for the collection of service　fees
shall be stipulated separately by the Ministry of Justice.
Article 21
These Regulations shall go into effect on January 1, 1982.
　


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